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Hello.

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Welcome to another lecture of our course.

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In this lecture you will learn about how to handle, create, modify and delete files so the shell provides

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many file manipulation commands on the Linux file system.

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This lecture we will walk through the basic commands and the basic shell commands you need to handle

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files.

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So let's get started.

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My name is Stefan.

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Welcome to another lecture of our course.

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Every once in a while you run into a situation where you need to create an empty file.

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For example, sometimes applications accept a log file to be present before they can write to it.

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In these situations, you can use the touch command to easily create an empty file.

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In order to do that, for example, touch and my test file here.

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And as you can see here, we create a touch my test file.

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So the touch command creates the new file.

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You specify and assigns your username as the file owner like this.

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So as you can see, my username is the file owner and my machine is Kali here.

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So notice in this example that the file size is zero because the touch command just created an empty

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file so that touch command can also be used to change modification time.

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So this is done without changing the file contents.

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So we will do for example, and as you can see here, 313 and and as you can see, this is 313 now.

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So let's create again and my test file two and here LSL Clear.

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LSL And as you can see here, these have different times.

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They also created a time frames so.

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Yeah.

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And actually, if you if you want to update this file like this so you can also write test file, write

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the same name and.

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And as you can see here, we updated file time here.

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So creating empty files and altering file temp steps is not something you will do on a Linux system

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daily.

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However, copying files is an action you will do often while using Shell.

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So let's get started with copying files here.

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So copying files and directories from one location in the file system to another is a common practice

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for system administrators.

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So the CP command provides this feature.

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It is most basic form.

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The CP command uses two parameters, so two parameters.

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The first parameter is that CP.

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Is the source object.

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So in this case, we're going to firstly assign source.

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And after that, we will enter the destination.

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Destination.

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So here, when both source and destinations are parameters or file names, the CP command copies the

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source file to a new destination file.

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So the new file acts like a brand new file and with an updated modification time.

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So for example, let's do following here.

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LSL And here we have my test file.

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My test file.

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So let's copy my test file to the same location, but change the name to test here.

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Test file.

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Yeah, test file and let's do it.

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So we're going to do in order to do that, we're going to do my test file.

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Firstly, we're going to enter the source here.

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So my test file and after that we're going to enter the destination.

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And as you can see, the destination is going to be this.

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So destination is going to be test file.

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And here, oops, clear and L and here, as you can see here.

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We have a test file.

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The new with the new timestamp 315.

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But here, as you can see here, whenever we copied this, this also created a new timestamp.

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But the as you can see here, but the size and their contents should be the same.

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So the new.

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This file shows a different modification time than our previous test file.

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So if a destination file already exists, the CP command may not prompt you to this fact, so it is

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best to add the E option here.

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So e option to force the shell to ask whether you want to overwrite a file or not.

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So we will do that like this.

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RLS or cp here parameter as e here and overwrite test file.

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Yes.

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Or E here.

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And as you can see here L here you can also here.

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Let's see.

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And as you can see here, we override override on the test file and the timestamp and file contents

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should be updated with new file here.

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So if you don't answer the you here.

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So here, here, the file copy doesn't process and you can also enter the n here.

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So for no.

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So you can also copy a file into a pre-existing directory like this will be choosing the absolute directory.

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So cp.

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Or clear.

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Firstly, so cp e.

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Uh, for example, my test file.

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My test file, and we're going to do to my home, Carly And after that we will copy to, for example,

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templates or yeah, downloads.

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And here, let's see the two downloads.

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Oops.

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See the two downloads here.

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As you can see here we have a new file, my test file here.

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So the new file is now under the downloads directory using the same file name as the original.