1 00:00:00,710 --> 00:00:08,240 The default shell used in many Linux distributions is the neo-geo writes like this g. 2 00:00:08,270 --> 00:00:12,850 New here G and u. 3 00:00:12,890 --> 00:00:14,360 Bash shell. 4 00:00:14,750 --> 00:00:17,330 So this is the default shell of our Linux here. 5 00:00:17,450 --> 00:00:23,510 This section describes the basic features available in the bash shell, such as the Bash Manual, Tab 6 00:00:23,510 --> 00:00:27,080 Autocompletion and how to displays file contents. 7 00:00:27,080 --> 00:00:32,570 You will walk through how to work with Linux files and directories using the basic commands provided 8 00:00:32,570 --> 00:00:35,720 by the new Bash Shell. 9 00:00:36,170 --> 00:00:41,270 If you are already comfortable with the basics in the Linux environment, feel free to skip this section 10 00:00:41,270 --> 00:00:45,530 and continue with the next section to see more advanced commands. 11 00:00:45,560 --> 00:00:47,570 Let's start with the shell here. 12 00:00:48,110 --> 00:00:54,380 The new Bash Shell is a program that provides interactive access to the Linux system. 13 00:00:54,380 --> 00:01:00,090 It runs a regular program and is normally started whenever a user logs into terminal. 14 00:01:00,090 --> 00:01:09,300 So the shell that the system supports depends on your user ID configuration Here, actually let's delete 15 00:01:09,300 --> 00:01:09,510 it. 16 00:01:09,510 --> 00:01:13,800 So it depends on your user ID configuration. 17 00:01:14,750 --> 00:01:20,310 Uh, so the ATC passwd file here. 18 00:01:20,330 --> 00:01:21,110 Cat. 19 00:01:21,270 --> 00:01:21,590 Oops. 20 00:01:22,290 --> 00:01:27,500 Cat atc passwd here. 21 00:01:28,490 --> 00:01:34,130 Uh, this contains a list of all system users accounts, along with some basic configuration information 22 00:01:34,130 --> 00:01:35,330 about each user. 23 00:01:35,330 --> 00:01:42,140 So here's a sample entry from our Etsy passwd file. 24 00:01:42,140 --> 00:01:47,150 And as you can see, this is our user account that has the file name called Call. 25 00:01:47,990 --> 00:01:56,210 So each entry here has seven data fields with the fields separated by colons here. 26 00:01:56,210 --> 00:01:56,630 One. 27 00:01:56,630 --> 00:01:59,120 So this is one two. 28 00:01:59,760 --> 00:02:00,480 Three. 29 00:02:00,960 --> 00:02:01,980 Four. 30 00:02:02,220 --> 00:02:03,270 Five. 31 00:02:03,840 --> 00:02:05,940 Six and seven. 32 00:02:06,240 --> 00:02:10,500 So this each field separated by. 33 00:02:11,170 --> 00:02:13,000 Collins here, as you can see here. 34 00:02:13,810 --> 00:02:20,530 So the system uses the data in these fields against a specific features to the user for the user. 35 00:02:20,530 --> 00:02:24,610 So most of these entries are discussed in more detail in next sections. 36 00:02:24,610 --> 00:02:29,980 But for now, just pay attention to the last field which specifies here. 37 00:02:29,980 --> 00:02:33,640 Actually, let's make it like this so you can see it. 38 00:02:33,640 --> 00:02:35,020 More detail here. 39 00:02:40,080 --> 00:02:40,770 Here. 40 00:02:42,140 --> 00:02:47,360 So here, just pay attention to this last field here. 41 00:02:48,410 --> 00:02:52,150 Uh, so which specifies users shell program. 42 00:02:52,190 --> 00:02:57,920 So through this focus on the new bash shell, additional shells are weaved in this course. 43 00:02:57,920 --> 00:03:06,350 And in next lecture we will cover working with alternative shells such as dash and TXT here, so you 44 00:03:06,350 --> 00:03:07,670 will learn in next lecture. 45 00:03:07,670 --> 00:03:11,720 Also different types of shell applications and shells here. 46 00:03:12,620 --> 00:03:16,060 Uh, so in earlier here, this is the sample entry. 47 00:03:16,070 --> 00:03:24,680 The user typhoon here has been bash set as her default program here. 48 00:03:24,680 --> 00:03:26,960 The default, uh, program. 49 00:03:27,230 --> 00:03:28,580 So here. 50 00:03:29,520 --> 00:03:38,160 This means when typhoon logs into the Linux system, the bash system, this bash shell program is automatically 51 00:03:38,160 --> 00:03:38,670 started. 52 00:03:39,030 --> 00:03:45,660 So although the Bash Shell is program is started at login, whether a shell command line interface CLI 53 00:03:45,840 --> 00:03:50,280 command line interface is presented dependent on which login method is used. 54 00:03:50,280 --> 00:04:01,440 So if a virtual console terminal is used to log in the command line interface cli c l i prompt is automatically 55 00:04:01,440 --> 00:04:04,350 presented so and you can begin to type shell commands. 56 00:04:04,350 --> 00:04:10,140 However, if you log into the Linux system via graphical desktop environment, you need to start a graphical 57 00:04:10,140 --> 00:04:16,530 terminal emulator to access the Shell command line in command line. 58 00:04:18,100 --> 00:04:20,950 Interface, uh, prompt. 59 00:04:20,950 --> 00:04:24,370 And we also can use the, uh, shell prompt here. 60 00:04:24,370 --> 00:04:29,860 So after you start a terminal emulation package or log into the Linux virtual console, you can get 61 00:04:29,860 --> 00:04:33,820 access to the shell cli prompt. 62 00:04:34,570 --> 00:04:35,560 Uh, so. 63 00:04:36,720 --> 00:04:38,620 Uh, the prompt is your gateway to the shell. 64 00:04:38,640 --> 00:04:40,250 So this is the place where you. 65 00:04:40,650 --> 00:04:42,060 You enter shell commands. 66 00:04:42,060 --> 00:04:46,800 So the default prompt symbol for the bash shell is the dollar sign here. 67 00:04:46,800 --> 00:04:48,990 And this symbol is actually changed like this. 68 00:04:48,990 --> 00:04:51,570 And as you can see here, this is the dollar sign. 69 00:04:51,690 --> 00:05:01,590 So this symbol here, let's actually here this symbol indicates that the shell is waiting for you to 70 00:05:01,590 --> 00:05:02,070 enter. 71 00:05:02,070 --> 00:05:08,640 Text The different Linux distributions use different formats for the prompt in Ubuntu Linux system. 72 00:05:08,640 --> 00:05:11,850 The shell prompt should be look like this. 73 00:05:11,940 --> 00:05:13,710 And here. 74 00:05:15,730 --> 00:05:16,870 And in Santos. 75 00:05:16,870 --> 00:05:21,370 However, this is in the ubuntu here ubuntu. 76 00:05:24,090 --> 00:05:31,440 And in however in the sent us the default shell writing style will be like this. 77 00:05:32,490 --> 00:05:33,750 And dollar sign. 78 00:05:36,010 --> 00:05:38,500 This is in the sand. 79 00:05:39,420 --> 00:05:40,010 Oz. 80 00:05:40,050 --> 00:05:41,160 Oz here. 81 00:05:42,770 --> 00:05:50,150 So besides acting as your access point to the shell, the prompt can provide additional helpful information. 82 00:05:50,270 --> 00:05:57,230 Here in this example, the current user ID named Typhoon here. 83 00:05:58,410 --> 00:05:59,710 Uh, is shown in the prompt. 84 00:05:59,730 --> 00:06:01,860 Also, the name of the system is shown here. 85 00:06:01,860 --> 00:06:03,800 As you can see in this case, it's Oxley. 86 00:06:03,810 --> 00:06:05,090 This is our host name. 87 00:06:05,100 --> 00:06:09,990 So you will learn later in this section about additional items shown in the prompt here. 88 00:06:09,990 --> 00:06:15,520 So if you are new to the command line interface, keep in mind that after you type in a shell command 89 00:06:15,540 --> 00:06:22,650 prompt, you need to press the enter key to for the shell to act upon your command. 90 00:06:22,650 --> 00:06:32,760 For example, if I write like LHS here and I need to press enter to execute my command line interface 91 00:06:32,760 --> 00:06:33,390 command. 92 00:06:33,390 --> 00:06:39,270 So think of the Shell command line interface as a helpmate, assisting you with your Linux system, 93 00:06:39,270 --> 00:06:45,120 giving you helpful insights and letting you know when the shell is ready for new commands as another 94 00:06:45,120 --> 00:06:48,630 helpful item in the shell is the Bash manual. 95 00:06:48,630 --> 00:06:52,080 In the next lecture, you will learn about the Bash manual in Linux. 96 00:06:52,080 --> 00:06:54,090 So I'm waiting you in the next lecture.